The Other Half of Our MitzvosBy Rav Moshe Shternbuch
The following was written by Rabbi Daniel Yaakov Travis based on a drasha given on leil Shabbos by Rav Moshe Shternbuch, Rosh Av Beis Din of the Eidah Hachareidis of Yerushalayim.
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COINS OF FIRE
“This is what everyone who is included in the census must give: half a shekel…" (Shemos 30:13).
The Torah obligates every Jew to contribute half a shekel each year to the Bais Hamikdosh. Chazal tell us that Moshe Rabbeinu had difficulty understanding this mitzvah. Hashem clarified the nature of this mitzvah to him by showing him a matbeiah shel aish, a coin made of fire.
Moshe Rabbeinu was the only person who was ever granted the ability to speak face-to-face with the Al-mighty. He was able to fathom the deepest and most intricate aspects of the Torah. Why, then, was the mitzvah of machatzis hashekel so difficult for him to grasp?
Even more baffling is Hashem's response. A matbeiah shel aish would seem to have nothing to do with helping Moshe Rabbeinu out of his confusion. How did showing Moshe a coin of fire resolve his difficulty?
In truth, during the give-and-take between Hashem and Moshe Rabbeinu, a very deep concept was revealed. Moshe Rabbeinu could not fathom why both a poor person and a rich person should be obligated to make the identical donation. Why wasn't the wealthier individual asked to contribute more?
Hashem answered Moshe's question by showing him a coin made of fire. The matbeiah shel aish symbolized the giving of tzedakah with burning passion. Hashem was showing Moshe Rabbeinu that, although in the giving both were equal, the complete fulfillment of the mitzvah was achieved only through the enthusiasm that each person put into it.
Besides this clear indication of the passion one must have while performing mitzvos, there is another aspect of this association: Fire is an element that cannot be held or contained. Similarly, giving tzedakah with all one's heart is a subtle act that has no physical manifestation and can be gauged only in the spiritual realm.
While the amount to be given for machatzis hashekel is the same for everyone, the level of devotion and joy each person experiences is very individual, different from that which anyone else experiences. Everyone, on his own level, infuses his mitzvos with unique intentions. Thus, the completion of the mitzvah of machatzis hashekel can be achieved only when one's heart is focused on it completely.
In truth, this concept applies to all the mitzvos. Two Jews can daven the exact same Shemoneh Esrei, both uttering the identical words, yet their mitzvos are worlds apart. One Jew experiences a deep connection to his Creator, while the other might be thinking about his personal needs and might be greatly distanced from Hashem.
Every mitzvah that a Jew performs is only half the fulfillment of Hashem's Will. It is completed only with the fire that he infuses into it, the love and devotion he feels toward Hashem while he is performing the mitzvah. Indeed, the yeitzer harah will allow us to perform mitzvos, but it will invest tremendous effort into marring our intentions and divesting our mitzvos of any genuine sincerity and joy.
FEARING HASHEM
The Medrash tells us that Moshe Rabbeinu asked Hashem, “How will I be remembered for generations?” and Hashem responded that he would be eternalized through the machatzis hashekel.
This Medrash is most puzzling. The entire Torah is called Toras Moshe. What specifically does the machatzis hashekel add to Moshe's status?
In fact, Moshe Rabbeinu was merely the intermediary between the Jewish people and Hashem. Yet, following Hashem's directive to perform mitzvos together with the "fire" of the machatzis hashekel, he delivered the Torah with such intense awe that all subsequent generations have felt its effect. This was his personal contribution to kabbolas haTorah.
The posuk states (Devorim 10:12), “What does the Al-mighty, your G-d, ask of you other than to fear the Al-mighty, your G-d…?” Chazal comment: “Is fear such a small thing? Yes, for Moshe Rabbeinu, fear is considered a small thing.”
The Vilna Gaon explains that this Gemara is telling us that for anyone who was connected to Moshe Rabbeinu, fear was a small thing. Yiras Shomayim was Moshe's very essence, and it could be felt in everything he did. Moshe Rabbeinu's contribution to the giving of the Torah was the elevated level of fear that he injected into the experience.
PARTNERS IN TORAH
While all tzedakah is important, supporting Torah learning is especially significant. A person who supports a talmid chochom and forms a Yissochor-Zevulun partnership with him is entitled to half his reward; when he gets to the Next World, he will see all the fruits of this endeavor.
One would think that entering such a partnership would cause the “Yissochor,” who is studying Torah, to lose out, but the Ohr Hachaim reveals that this is not the case. Even though the “Zevulun” receives half the reward of his partner's Torah study, the “Yissochor” does not lose anything.
This concept is hinted to in the shekel coin used for hekdesh, which had a special halacha. Unlike other shekel coins, the one of hekdesh was twice the value of the normal shekel coin. By doubling the value of this coin, the Torah shows that someone who consecrates his money to be used for holy purposes does not lose anything. Even after he contributes a shekel to tzedakah, he is still left with the full value of a shekel.
The Vilna Gaon, on the other hand, understood that a talmid chochom who makes a partnership with a “Zevulun” does forfeit his reward. Even so, the Gaon did not see this as a reason for someone who is learning Torah and needs financial support to hesitate about entering into such an agreement. It is worthwhile to lose out on one's reward in order to be able to devote oneself totally to Torah study and grow that much closer to Hashem.
Every mitzvah should be performed with love, fear, joy, passion and great devotion. This is the message of the machatzis hashekel. All of our mitzvos are half-entities, and it is up to us to complete them.
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Rabbi Travis is a rosh kollel of Kollel Toras Chaim in Yerushalayim, and is the author of Shaylos U'Teshuvos Toras Chaim and "Praying With Joy - A Daily Tefilla Companion," a practical daily guide to improving one's prayers, available from Feldheim Publishers. Rav Shternbuch's weekly shiurim on the parsha are now available as a sefer titled, “A Voice in the Darkness.” For more information about his work, contact dytravis@actcom.com.)
TEASER
Everyone, on his own level, infuses his mitzvos with unique intentions.
